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Programs -> Mosquitoes -> Mosquito-borne Diseases
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Mosquito-borne Diseases:
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| Culex tarsalis |
What is St. Louis Encephalitis?
Saint Louis Encephalitis is a virus, related to West Nile virus, transmitted by the bite of an infected mosquito. Culex tarsalis and to a lesser extent Culex pipiens are the mosquito species responsible for transmitting St. Louis Encephalitis.
St. Louis Encephalitis is similar to West Nile virus in that it is primarily a bird-mosquito disease. A mosquito will bite a bird infected with St. Louis Encephalitis and become infected. While looking for another blood meal, an infected mosquito can infect an uninfected bird or human.
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What are the signs and symptoms of St. Louis Encephalitis?
- No Symptoms:Most of those infected with St. Louis Encephalitis will have no symptoms or signs and never feel sick.
- Mild Symptoms:Most of those who do have symptoms or signs will have a fever and headaches.
- Severe Symptoms:Few of those infected have the severe symptoms such as high fever, severe headaches, coma, tremors, convulsions, paralysis, and possible death.
Is St. Louis Encephalitis seasonal?Yes, it is most likely to occur in late summer to early fall.
Is St. Louis Encephalitis in San Mateo County?
St. Louis Encephalitis was last detected in sentinel chickens in Southern California in 2003.
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| Culex pipiens |
What is Western Equine Encephalitis?
Western Equine Encephalitis is a virus transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. The transmission cycle is between wild birds and mosquitoes. A mosquito will bite a bird infected with Western Equine Encephalitis and become infected. While looking for another blood meal, an infected mosquito can infect an uninfected bird, horse, or human. In past outbreaks, this disease has caused severe illness and death in horses.
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What are the signs and symptoms of Western Equine Encephalitis?
- No Symptoms:Most of those infected with St. Louis Encephalitis will have no symptoms or signs and never feel sick.
- Mild Symptoms:Most of those who do have symptoms or signs will have a fever and headaches.
- Severe Symptoms:Few of those infected have the severe symptoms, the old and the young. These include high fever, stiff neck, vomiting, lethargy, disorientation, seizures, and possible death.
Is Western Equine Encephalitis seasonal?Yes, it is most likely to occur in late spring to early summer.
Is Western Equine Encephalitis in San Mateo County?
Western Equine Encephalitis has been detected in mosquito pools and sentinel chickens in Southern California in 2005 and 2006.
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